Sa mère qui travaillait dans une blanchisserie, se met alors en ménage avec Joseph Da Silva, un immigré portugais. In 1987, United States President Ronald Reagan awarded Ella the National Medal of Arts. Once on stage, faced with boos and murmurs of "What's she going to do?" CBS est sur le point de signer un contrat avec elle en 1932 lorsque sa mère meurt, la laissant orpheline. As the effects from her diabetes worsened, 76-year-old Ella experienced severe circulatory problems and was forced to have both of her legs amputated below the knees. Ella Jane Fitzgerald (Newport News, 25 de abril de 1917- Beverly Hills, 15 de junio de 1996), apodada Lady Ella, la Reina del jazz y la Primera dama de la canción, fue una cantante estadounidense de jazz. Popularly known as the ‘First Lady of Song’, she harbored the dream of becoming an entertainer from a young age and entered in an amateur contest at Harlem's Apollo Theater in 1934. Sarah Vaughan fut une de ses seules rivales dans ce domaine. Selon les propres mots d'Ella Fitzgerald, c'est Marilyn Monroe qui apporte un grand soutien à sa carrière en l'imposant littéralement au Mocambo Club de Los Angeles. Elle enregistre quelques tubes ave… "I knew I wanted to sing before people the rest of my life.". Ayant « gagné » en 1935 une audition pour une semaine, elle commence à jouer avec l'orchestre de Webb au Savoy de Harlem. Hours later, signs of remembrance began to appear all over the world. Ella Jane Fitzgerald naît le 25 avril 1917 à Newport News en Virginie[5], fille naturelle de William Fitzgerald et Temperance « Tempie » Henry (1894-1932). Ella took the loss very hard. Ella played with the new style, often using her voice to take on the role of another horn in the band. In fact, many of them had just one binding factor in common - they all loved her. April 1917 in Newsport News im US-Bundesstaat Virginia geboren. Despite protests by family and friends, including Norman, Ella returned to the stage and pushed on with an exhaustive schedule. Chanteuse de jazz américaine., née le 25 avril 1917 à Newport News et morte le 15 juin 1996 à Beverly Hills. Ella lived with her mother until she died when Ella was 15, and Ella's aunt took her in. Ella Fitzgerald was a singer praised for her clear, sweet voice. The owner said yes, and Marilyn was there, front table, every night. "Once up there, I felt the acceptance and love from my audience," Ella said. Leur collaboration donnera naissance à quelques hits comme le fameux « If you can't sing it » ou « Love and kisses » enregistré en 1936. She personally called the owner of the Mocambo, and told him she wanted me booked immediately, and if he would do it, she would take a front table every night. Although her voice impressed him, Chick had already hired male singer Charlie Linton for the band. Elle commence une carrière solo en 1941. Occasionally, Ella took on small jobs to contribute money as well. Née en 1917, Ella Fitzgerald s’est tournée vers le chant après une enfance troublée et a fait ses débuts au Théâtre Apollo en 1934. Selon la maison de disques Verve Music Group. She quickly became a favorite and frequent guest on numerous programs, including "The Bing Crosby Show," "The Dinah Shore Show," "The Frank Sinatra Show," "The Ed Sullivan Show," "The Tonight Show," "The Nat King Cole Show," "The Andy Willams Show" and "The Dean Martin Show.". Stanford Libraries' official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more. Their apartment was in a mixed neighborhood, where Ella made friends easily. Ella Fitzgerald was born on April 25, 1918, in Newport News, Virginia, but she spent her youth just outside New York City in Yonkers, New York, and received her musical education in public schools. La série de jeu vidéo "Fallout" a aussi utilisé ses musiques dans les radios intégrées au jeu. During elementary school she began singing at her local church, the … Ella Fitzgerald, in full Ella Jane Fitzgerald, (born April 25, 1917, Newport News, Virginia, U.S.—died June 15, 1996, Beverly Hills, California), American jazz singer who became world famous for the wide range and rare sweetness of her voice. Ne pouvant refuser une telle publicité, le patron accepte et Marilyn tient parole. Due to a busy touring schedule, Ella and Ray were often away from home, straining the bond with their son. En 1934, elle participe à un concours [3] Com uma extensão vocal que abrangia três oitavas, era notória pela pureza de sua tonalidade, sua dicção, fraseado e entonação impecáveis, bem como uma habilidade de improviso "semelhante a um instrumento de sopro", particularmente no scat. Biography. Ella Fitzgerald (né le 25 avril 1917 à Newport News - morte le 15 juin 1996 à Beverly Hills) est l'une des plus importantes chanteuses de jazz. from the rowdy crowd, a scared and disheveled Ella made the last minute decision to sing. To support the family, Joe dug ditches and was a part-time chauffeur, while Tempie worked at a laundromat and did some catering. France followed suit several years later, presenting her with their Commander of Arts and Letters award, while Yale, Dartmouth and several other universities bestowed Ella with honorary doctorates. 15 June 1996 (aged 79) Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, 1917 – June 15, 1996) was an American jazz vocalist with a vocal range spanning three octaves (D♭3 to D♭6). From 1956-1964, she recorded covers of other musicians' albums, including those by Cole Porter, Duke Ellington, the Gershwins, Johnny Mercer, Irving Berlin, and Rodgers and Hart. Selon Mark C. Gridley[11], elle préférait improviser son scat autour de la mélodie originale plutôt que de pencher vers l'improvisation pure, en paraphrasant, ce qui fait que plusieurs grands compositeurs de musique populaire désiraient lui faire exécuter leurs chansons tant ses lectures étaient proches de l'intention originale. Ella commence à chanter à 16 ans en 1934 au théâtre Apollo de Harlem à New York dans une des premières Amateurs Nights, concours de jeunes espoirs de la chanson, qu'elle remporte, contribuant autant à la gloire de l'Apollo qu'à la sienne. Upon learning that Kornegay had a criminal history, Ella realized that the relationship was a mistake and had the marriage annulled. Mentionné notamment dans le livret des deux 2 CD : Discography of American Historical Recordings, Discografia Nazionale della Canzone Italiana, Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes, It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing), Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook, Ella Fitzgerald MacK the Knife Live in Berlin 1960 www.youtube.com, Ella Fitzgerald & Duke Ellington - It Don't Mean A Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing www.youtube.com, Ella Fitzgerald - The Cricket Song - Live 1964 www.youtube.com, Voir extrait du site officiel de la Chanteuse, Réseau des bibliothèques de Suisse occidentale, Glossaire théorique et technique de la musique occidentale, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ella_Fitzgerald&oldid=179496592, Récipiendaire de la médaille présidentielle de la Liberté, Jazz Master du National Endowment for the Arts, Docteur honoris causa de l'université de Princeton, Docteur honoris causa de l'université Harvard, Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais, Catégorie Commons avec lien local identique sur Wikidata, Page pointant vers des bases relatives à la musique, Page pointant vers des bases relatives à l'audiovisuel, Page pointant vers des bases relatives au spectacle, Page pointant vers des bases relatives aux beaux-arts, Page pointant vers des bases relatives à la bande dessinée, Page pointant vers des bases relatives à la recherche, Page pointant vers des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes, Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité, Portail:Biographie/Articles liés/Culture et arts, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence. Ella Fitzgerald Biography Born in 1917, Ella Fitzgerald turned to singing after a troubled childhood and debuted at the Apollo Theater in 1934. Il existe des anecdotes, certaines contradictoires ou mystérieuses, d’autres inutiles ou voyeuristes concernant la biographie d’Ella Fitzgerald, mais elle avait choisi de ne pas y donner prise. On June 16, 1939, Ella mourned the loss of her mentor Chick Webb. La compagnie Verve a été créée au départ pour elle par son manager Norman Granz. After that, I never had to play a small jazz club again. She performed at top venues all over the world, and packed them to the hilt. During this time, the era of big swing bands was shifting, and the focus was turning more toward bebop. And she didn't know it.". Ella Fitzgerald. She was noted for her purity of tone, impeccable diction, phrasing, timing, intonation, and a "horn-like" improvisational ability, particularly in her scat singing. In the band that night was saxophonist and arranger Benny Carter. Passionnée de danse et de musique, elle est remarquée à seulement 16 ans alors qu’elle chante dans un … Outside of the arts, Ella had a deep concern for child welfare. Ella apparaît aussi comme actrice et chanteuse, avec Peggy Lee dans le film La Peau d'un autre de Jack Webb en 1955, ainsi que dans les films Deux nigauds cow-boys de 1942, St. Louis Blues de 1958, et Let No Man Write My Epitaph de 1960. Elle ouvrait le concert avec le morceau de Duke Ellington Take the "A" Train ; elle a été une des rares à chanter des paroles sur ce morceau. Elle chante avec de nombreux partenaires instrumentaux comme Oscar Peterson, Count Basie (On the Sunny Side of the Street), Roy Eldridge, Joe Pass (Speak Love), Dizzy Gillespie, et le trio de Tommy Flanagan. Enter the password that accompanies your username. Ultimately, Ray Jr. and Ella reconnected and mended their relationship. Fueled by enthusiastic supporters, Ella began entering - and winning - every talent show she could find. Her grades dropped dramatically, and she frequently skipped school. Never one to complain, Ella later reflected on her most difficult years with an appreciation for how they helped her to mature. She asked the band to play Hoagy Carmichael's "Judy," a song she knew well because Connee Boswell's rendition of it was among Tempie's favorites. Together, Tempie and She toured all over the world, sometimes performing two shows a day in cities hundreds of miles apart. In the process he and Ella became lifelong friends, often working together. Her father, William and her mother Temperance, also known as Tempie, divorced shortly after Ella’s birth. Biographie d'Ella Fitzgerald. Dubbed "The First Lady of Song," Ella Fitzgerald was the most popular female jazz singer in the United States for more than half a century. En décembre 1947, elle épouse le contrebassiste Ray Brown[8] avec qui elle adopte son neveu, Ray Brown, Jr. (en) né le 13 octobre 1949 (fils biologique de Frances Da Silva, demi-sœur d'Ella). Off stage, and away from people she knew well, Ella was shy and reserved. A wreath of white flowers stood next to her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and a marquee outside the Hollywood Bowl theater read, "Ella, we will miss you.". Ses morceaux les plus connus sont une série produite par Norman Granz sur des chansons écrites par les plus grands compositeurs américains du moment comme George Gershwin (avec l'orchestre de Nelson Riddle), Cole Porter, Duke Ellington... Avec l'orchestre de Duke Ellington, elle fait des tournées en Europe et en Amérique du Nord. The album sold 1 million copies, hit number one, and stayed on the pop charts for 17 weeks. Ella Fitzgerald adorait danser, admirait Earl Snakehips Tucker et rêvait d'être danseuse. Le couple part s'installer à Yonkers dans le comté de Westchester, près de New York où Ella grandit. It was the 26th time she performed there. He offered Ella the opportunity to test with his band when they played a dance at Yale University. In 1923, Fitzgerald's half-sister, Frances Da Silva, was born. Ella Fitzgerald wuchs in Yonkers in der Nähe von New York auf und war seit ihrem vierzehnten Lebensjahr als Vollwaise auf sich allein gestellt. In January 1935 she won the chance to perform for a week with the Tiny Bradshaw band at the Harlem Opera House. Elle quitte Decca en 1955. She told him - and it was true, due to Marilyn's superstar status - that the press would go wild. Shortly afterward Joe suffered a heart attack and died, and her little sister Frances joined them. En 1935 ayant remporté une semaine de scène au théâtre Apollo, Ella Fitzgerald débute dans la Chanson en jouant aux côtés de l'orchestre Webb. The press went overboard. Issue d'un milieu modeste, elle commence très jeune à chanter au théâtre Apollo de Harlem (New York) en 1934. They were rich and poor, made up of all races, all religions and all nationalities. Perhaps naïve to the circumstances, Ella worked as a runner for local gamblers, picking up their bets and dropping off money. Le diabète la rend aveugle et conduit les médecins à l'amputer des deux jambes en 1993[10]. En effet Marilyn, très grande admiratrice d'Ella Fitzgerald, téléphone en personne au patron du club et lui demande de programmer Ella Fitzgerald contre la promesse de réserver, chaque soir où elle se produirait, une table au premier rang. Her father, William, and mother, Temperance (Tempie), parted ways shortly after her birth. Fitzgerald wuchs in ärmlichen Verhältnisse auf und wurde schon früh Vollwaise. Elle était d’une époque et d’un monde, le jazz, où les artistes restaient discrets sur … Her audiences were as diverse as her vocal range. They came into Ella's dressing room, where band members Dizzy Gillespie and Illinois Jacquet were shooting dice, and arrested everyone. "They took us down," Ella later recalled, "and then when we got there, they had the nerve to ask for an autograph.". Ella quickly quieted the audience, and by the song's end they were demanding an encore. In his absence the band was renamed "Ella Fitzgerald and Her Famous Band," and she took on the overwhelming task of bandleader. Norman wasn't the only one willing to stand up for Ella. By the 1990s, Ella had recorded over 200 albums. Her stepfather became abusive, so she went to live with an aunt in Harlem. JazzBiographies.com: An online guide to jazz biographies, discographies, reviews, and articles In mid 1936, Ella made her first recording. Her father, William, and mother, Temperance (Tempie), parted ways shortly after her birth. On stage, however, Ella was surprised to find she had no fear. Enter your Ella Fitzgerald account e-mail address. Together, Tempie and Ella went to Yonkers, N.Y, where they eventually moved in with Tempie's longtime boyfriend Joseph Da Silva. Après le décès de Chick Webb en 1939, l'orchestre continue sous le nom de « Ella Fitzgerald and Her Famous Orchestra »[6]. Ella Fitzgerald wurde am 25. She was an unusual woman - a little ahead of her times. "I just want to smell the air, listen to the birds and hear Alice laugh," she said. In 1938, at the age of 21, Ella recorded a playful version of the nursery rhyme, "A-Tisket, A-Tasket." "I never knew how good our songs were until I heard Ella Fitzgerald sing them," Ira Gershwin once remarked. Sa carrière solo débute en 1941 et dure jusqu'au début des années 1980. "It was because of her that I played the Mocambo, a very popular nightclub in the '50s. Ella Jane Fitzgerald was born in Newport News, Va. on April 25, 1917. Elle joue en concert avec les plus importants groupes et solistes. Sa mère est blanchisseuse, et son père quitte la maison peu après sa naissance. Ella Fitzgerald, known as the “First Lady of Song” and “Lady Ella,” was an American jazz and song vocalist who interpreted much of the Great American Songbook. L'oeuvre d'Ella Fitzgerald. The two were married and eventually adopted a son, whom they named Ray, Jr. At the time, Ray was working for producer and manager Norman Granz on the "Jazz at the Philharmonic" tour. Living there was even more unbearable, as she suffered beatings at the hands of her caretakers. On June 15, 1996, Ella Fitzgerald died in her Beverly Hills home.